von Anna Teresa Hoffmann ; Robin Kobbe ; Robin Denz ; Christoph Maier ; Nicole Toepfner ; Nina Timmesfeld ; Astrid Petersmann ; Axel Hamprecht ; Yadwinder Kaur
Veröffentlicht: 05. Dezember 2024 ; Gesehen am 10.06.2025
Global Health; Health status; Infectious diseases; Intrafamilial spread; Maternal and Child Health; Migration and Health; Minor refugees; Public Health; Risk Factors; Social Work and Migration; Ukraine; Vaccination status
In 2022, over 1,000,000 people from Ukraine fled to Germany, mostly women and children. The aim of this study was to determine health status and socio-demographic background of Ukrainian refugee minors in Germany and to compare that to German minors. In this study, Ukrainian refugees of all ages, who voluntarily made contact with the study centres via flyers or refugee shelters, were interviewed with the help of trained interpreters from 09–12/2022. We assessed data from minors and their families on socio-economic status, general health perception, current and pre-existing infectious and non-contagious diseases, and vaccination status. The data for the minors were collected by interviewing the accompanying adults. In addition, a physical examination and serological screening for infectious and vaccine-preventable diseases were performed. Overall, 392 minors and accompanying adults (358) were included. Minors’ general and mental health were reported as “at least good" in 83% (316) and 80% (304), respectively. In 16% (63), infectious or other underlying diseases were recorded. Tuberculosis infections (7, 1.8%) and hepatitis C (2, 0.5%) were found through the serological tests. HIV could only be detected in one previously known case. Self-reported vaccinations against measles and varicella, for example, did not match serological findings (protection against measles 304; 84%; varicella 230; 64%). Conclusion: Accompanying adults often rate the general health and well-being of Ukrainian refugee minors as rather poor. Frequently, self-reported vaccinations and preexisting diseases did not match serology results; therefore, Ukrainian refugee minors without formal vaccination certificate should be offered all recommended vaccinations and be generously screened for hepatitis B, C and HIV in addition to tuberculosis.
European journal of pediatrics Berlin : Springer Science & Business Media B.V., 1975 184(2025), 1, Artikel-ID 64, Seite 1-15 Online-Ressource
Das Gehirn ist ein komplexes Netzwerk aus gekoppelten, dynamischen Systemen Neuronenpopulationen, welche neuronale Komplexität erzeugen. Die neuronale Komplexität ist ein Maß für die Menge an Informationen, in einem neuronalen System. Gehirnsignalkomplexität (brain signal complexity, BSC) kann anhand der mittels Multi-Skalen-Entropie (MSE) gemessen werden. In dieser Dissertation wird die Nützlichkeit der MSE zur Messung der BSC im Zusammenhang mit kognitiven Fähigkeiten untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass die MSE sensitiv zwischen verschiedenen Hirnzuständen unterscheiden kann und als verlässliches Merkmalsmaß für Personen genutzt werden kann. Weitere Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die BSC ein potentieller neuronaler Marker für verbale Kreativität ist. Insgesamt liefert die Dissertation wertvolle Erkenntnisse für zukünftige Studien, die MSE zur Beurteilung neuronaler Komplexität und ihrer Beziehung zu Kreativität, Intelligenz und Inhibition verwenden.
The brain is a network of dynamical system of interacting neuronal populations giving rise to neural complexity. Neural complexity provides a measure for the amount of information of a neural system. Neural complexity can be assessed by computing brain signal complexity (BSC) using Multi-Scale Entropy (MSE). This dissertation assessed the utility of MSE in the EEG signals with creativity from an individual differences perspective. Findings revealed that individual differences in MSE are reliable, indicating that MSE is a useful trait marker of BSC across individuals. Further findings indicated that BSC is a potential neural marker of creativity, intelligence, and inhibition. Taken together, the dissertation provides valuable insights for designing future studies using MSE to assess neural complexity and its relationship with certain cognitive abilities including creativity, intelligence, and inhibition.
Divergent thinking (DT) is an important constituent of creativity that captures aspects of fluency and originality. The literature lacks multivariate studies that report relationships between DT and its aspects with relevant covariates, such as cognitive abilities, personality traits (e.g. openness), and insight. In two multivariate studies (N = 152 and N = 298), we evaluate competing measurement models for a variety of DT tests and examine the relationship between DT and established cognitive abilities, personality traits, and insight. A nested factor model with a general DT and a nested originality factor described the data well. In Study 1, DT was moderately related with working memory, fluid intelligence, crystallized intelligence, and mental speed. In Study 2, we replicate these results and add insight, openness, extraversion, and honesty–humility as covariates. DT was associated with insight, extraversion, and honesty–humility, whereas crystallized intelligence mediated the relationship between openness and DT. In contrast, the nested originality factor (i.e. the specificity of originality tasks beyond other DT tasks) had low variance and was not meaningfully related with any other constructs in the nomological net. We highlight avenues for future research by discussing issues of measurement and scoring.
European journal of personality London : Sage Publications, 1987 2020 (2. Dez.), 22 Seiten Online-Ressource
